What factors are related to the stability of tungsten discharge needle

Tungsten discharge needles are an indispensable component of high-performance electrical equipment, and their performance directly affects the overall efficiency and stability of the equipment.

Material properties
Purity and composition
High-purity tungsten powder is the basis for manufacturing high-quality tungsten discharge needles. The electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of tungsten are significantly affected by impurity elements, which may lead to reduced discharge stability. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure the high purity of tungsten powder. In order to improve the welding performance and arc starting performance of tungsten electrodes, rare earth elements (such as cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, etc.) are usually added. The appropriate addition of these elements can enhance the stability of the arc column and reduce the burnout rate of the electrode. However, excessive rare earth elements will lead to a decrease in performance, so their addition amount must be precisely controlled during the production process.
Microstructure
The microstructure of the tungsten discharge needle, including the size, shape and distribution of the grains, has an important influence on its discharge stability. A uniform microstructure can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the tungsten discharge needle and reduce deformation and burnout. By optimizing the microstructure, the service life and working efficiency of the discharge needle can be significantly improved.

Preparation process
Powder metallurgy technology
Powder metallurgy technology is one of the core processes for manufacturing tungsten discharge needles. This technology can obtain tungsten discharge needles with excellent performance by precisely controlling the mixing, pressing and sintering processes of powders. By setting reasonable process parameters such as temperature, pressure and time, it can ensure that the tungsten powder reaches the best density and uniformity during the sintering process, thereby improving the performance of the final product.
Precision machining
Precision machining technology (such as grinding, polishing, etc.) is crucial to the tip shape and dimensional accuracy of the tungsten discharge needle. The shape and size of the tip directly affect the discharge efficiency and stability. Through high-precision machining technology, a more ideal tip design can be achieved, thereby optimizing the performance of the discharge needle.

Use environment
Atmosphere conditions
During the discharge process, the tungsten discharge needle will interact with the surrounding gas, so it is particularly important to control the atmosphere conditions (such as oxygen, nitrogen, etc.). Reasonable atmosphere management can effectively reduce the oxidation and nitridation of the needle tip, thereby maintaining the sharpness and stability of the needle tip and extending its service life.
Temperature control
Temperature is a key factor affecting the performance of tungsten discharge needles. High temperature will cause thermal expansion and softening of the tungsten discharge needle, which will affect its mechanical properties and discharge stability. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively control the temperature during the discharge process to avoid overheating of the needle tip and ensure that it can still maintain a good working condition in a high temperature environment.

Application conditions
Discharge parameters
Parameters such as discharge current, voltage and pulse width are directly related to the discharge efficiency and stability of the tungsten discharge needle. Reasonable discharge parameter settings can ensure the stable performance of the needle tip during the discharge process, thereby improving the overall equipment efficiency.
Working medium
The influence of the working medium (such as deionized water, insulating oil, etc.) on the discharge process cannot be ignored. Different working media have their own electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and chemical stability. Choosing a suitable working medium is crucial to maintaining discharge stability.
Electrode spacing
The size of the electrode spacing directly affects the formation and maintenance of the discharge channel. Too small an electrode spacing may lead to instability of the discharge channel, while too large a spacing may not form an effective discharge channel. Therefore, reasonable control of the electrode spacing is the key to ensuring discharge stability.